Background: Overweight and obese people face several health problems. Female obesity has been shown to reduce fertility in the general population. Assisted reproductive technology outcomes in obese cases are widely studied, but the results are inconclusive. Objective: This study aimed to compare live birth rate (LBR) among women with 4 different types of body mass index (BMI). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data of 1611 women, who were candidates for fresh and frozen embryo transfer cycles, was extracted from 2051 medical files at the reproductive Sciences Institute, Yazd, Iran from May 2019-May 2021. The participants were divided into 4 groups (underweight, normal, overweight, and obese) according to their BMI, and LBR was considered to be the main outcome. Results: Of 1611 women, 39 were underweight, 585 were normal, 676 were overweight, and 311 were obese. Underweight women had the lowest LBR (12. 8%), but there was no statistically significant difference (p = 0. 55). In addition, LBR was compared in the 4 BMI groups according to age, type of transfer cycle (fresh or freeze), and cause of infertility, and there was comparable LBR in the 4 BMI groups. However, metaphase 2 oocyte rate, doses of gonadotropin usage in the cycles, and estradiol level had statistically significant differences (p < 0. 001). Conclusion: According to our study, obesity does not affect LBR in the IVF cycle, regardless of fresh or frozen embryo transfer cycles, different age groups, and causes of infertility.

Background: The purpose of this study was evaluating the relationship between fatty acid (FA) intakes and the Assisted reproductive technique (ART) outcomes in infertile women. Methods: In this descriptive longitudinal study, a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to measure dietary intakes among 217 women with primary infertility seeking ART treatments at Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center, Isfahan, Iran. The average number of total and metaphase II (MII) oocytes, the fertilization rate, the ratio of good and bad quality embryo and biochemical and clinical pregnancy were assessed. Analyses were performed using mean, standard deviation, Chi-square test, ANOVA, ANCOVA, logistic regression. Results: A total of 140 women were finally included in the study. There was a positive relationship between the average number of total and MII oocytes and the amount of total fatty acids (TFAs), saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), linoleic acids, linolenic acids, and oleic acids intakes, while eicosapentaenoic acids (EPAs) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHAs) intakes had an inverse relationship. Consuming more amounts of TFAs, SFAs, PUFAs, MUFAs, linoleic acids, and oleic acids was associated with the lower fertilization rate, whereas the consumption of linolenic acids and EPAs increased the fertilization rate. The ratio of good quality embryo was directly affected by the amount of PUFAs intakes. Additionally, there was a negative correlation between the amount of SFAs intakes and the number of pregnant women. Conclusion: TFAs, SFA, PUFA, and MUFA intakes could have both beneficial and adverse impacts on ART outcomes.

Backgrownd: Studies in regions with seasonal climatic variations have revealed a correlation between human natural conception and birth rates. Holidays and other cultural activities probably have influence on conception, but the ambient temperature and emotional influences on the female hormones related to fertility may play an important part in the seasonal variation in conception. Objectives: The aim of study was to determine the relationship between the success rate of Assisted reproductive technique (ART) treatment cycles and temperature in different seasons. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study on all individuals undergoing Assisted ART at our institution was performed during June 2000 to June 2001. The study population represented 258 IVF-ET cycles and 821 ICSI treatment cycles. Different variables were analyzed using X2 test.Results: In IVF treatment cycles, conception was more common from early spring (March to June).This decreased from spring, with the minimum in fall, 22% and 14%, respectably. A significant seasonal variability in the number of eggs, embryo transferred and sperm motility was not demonstrated (p>0.05), but sperm count was significantly higher in spring than any other season (72+4 x106 and 52+7x106, respectively).Conclusion: The seasonal changes should be taken into account together with other factors when evaluating infertility data.

Background: Vitamin D, a steroid hormone, has critical roles in human health. The available data thus identify vitamin D as an important substance in processes involved in reproductive success and thereby suggest pathophysiological mechanisms for reproductive compromise in the setting of vitamin D deficiency. Realizing the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in our country, we hypothesized that deficient vitamin D stores will translate to decreased reproductive success following ART. This study aimed to determine whether 25OH-D levels in the follicular fluid of infertile women undergoing ART demonstrate a relationship with stimulation cycle parameters and outcome. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was undertaken at Infertility department of Shariati Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Eighty two infertile women undergoing Assisted reproductive technique were enrolled between 2009 and 2010. The study protocol was in accordance with the guidelines of Declaration of Helsinki, approved by institutional review board of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All patients underwent ART cycles with standardized regimens for COH after long protocol pituitary down regulation. Serum samples of Vitamin D (25OH-D), calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, parathormone were collected. Transvaginal ultrasound guided oocyte retrieval was performed 36 hours following the hCG injection. Follicular fluid was collected from follicles ³14mm; following oocyte isolation, follicular fluid for each patient was pooled, centrifuged and the supernatant was stored until assayed for Vitamin D (25OH-D). Fertilization was assessed 24 hours after insemination. Fresh embryo transfer was performed on day 3 after insemination. The luteal phase was supported by intramuscular and vaginal progesterone. ART cycle parameters were determined. Positive serum hCG tested 14 days after embryo transfer was considered as evidence of implantation. Clinical pregnancy was defined as intrauterine gestational sac visible on transvaginal ultrasound.Results: Baseline characteristics and ovarian stimulation parameters of the under study patients were similar. Based on previously defined serum criteria, serum and follicular 25OHD level >30ng/mL was defined to reflect ’’replete’’ vitamin D status; level between 20-30 ng/mL was taken to reflect vitamin D insufficiency, whereas 25OH-D level <20ng/mL defined evidence of vitamin D deficiency. In accordance with previous prevalence studies in our country, vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are common health problems which require emergent attention of health professionals. Follicular 25OHD level has positive direct correlation with serum 25OHD. Pregnancy rates did not differed significantly between tertiles. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that vitamin D deficiency may not have an important role in ART outcomes. The potential for benefit of vitamin D supplementation on treatment success in infertile patients undergoing ART is debated and merits further investigation.

Background: Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels may represent the ovarian follicular pool and could be a useful marker of ovarian reserve. The clinical application of AMH measurement has been proposed in the prediction of quantitative and qualitative aspects in Assisted reproductive technologies.Objective: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the serum levels of AMH and results of Assisted reproductive technique (ART) outcome in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients versus control group.Materials and Methods: This cohort study was conducted on 61 (PCOS) patients and 28 patients without PCOS (controls) candidates for Assisted reproductive technique. Serum levels of AMH were measured on the 3rd day of menstrual cycle and all the patients underwent controlled ovarian hyper stimulation and ART. The relationship between AMH serum level with retrieved oocytes, mature oocytes and pregnancy rate were assessed.Results: There was significant correlation between the AMH level with number of total retrieved oocytes and mature oocytes in patients with PCOS and controls (p=0.001). In PCOS and control groups AMH level in pregnant patients was higher, but it was not statistically significant (p=0.65, p=0.46, respectively). The major outcome of the study (pregnancy) did not differ significantly between two groups.Conclusion: This study revealed that AMH level was higher in pregnant patients undergoing ART; but AMH may not be an accurate predictor for pregnancy in PCOS patients.

This study aimed to assess the relationship between the serum levels of anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) and other hormonal markers and results of Assisted reproductive techniques (ART) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. This cohort study was conducted on 60 PCOS patients who were candidates for Assisted reproductive techniques. In all patients the serum levels of AMH, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), free testosterone (fT), testosterone (T) and inhibin B were measured in the 3rd day of menstrual cycle. The relationship between serum level of measured hormonal markers with retrieved oocytes, mature oocytes, the number of transferred fetus and pregnancy rate were assessed. The cut-off value for the serum level of AMH and retrieved oocytes were determined. There was a significant direct correlation between the serum mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS) level with number of total picked up oocytes (r=0.412), mature oocytes (r=0.472) and embryo transfer (r=0.291). There was a linear and significant correlation between inhibin B and fertilization (r=0.283) Cut-off point for AMH level according to presence or absence of pregnancy was 4.8 ng/ml and it was not statistically significant (P=0.655). Area under curve (AUC) was 0.543. Cut-off point for MIS according to picked up oocytes was 2.7 ng/ml with area under the curve (ROC curve) of 0.724 (CI= 0.591-0.831) (P=0.002). Patients with PCOS who had AMH more than 2.7 ng/ml, the number of retrieved oocytes (6 or more) was higher than MIS/AMH <2.7 ng/ml (P=0.002). As a marker of ovarian responsiveness to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) and despite a small sample size of our study, it is revealed that pretreatment MIS/AMH is highly associated with the number of mature oocytes retrieved during COH in PCOS women.